This study identifies heterogeneous approaches of informal settlements and suggests directions for further investigations in the field. Seeking a coherent perspective on informal settlement is challenging. The problem lies not only in the complex nature of this issue, but also in the involvement of multi stakeholders across various disciplines. A comprehensive literature review about its historical formation and diverse growth patterns is therefore essential. A first step consisted in collecting 654 published studies from the Web of Science in January 2020, whereas a second step used the Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS) to process 24606 cited references. This identified ten outstanding documents shedding light on the historical roots of the field from 1963 to 2008. A third step performed a bibliometric analysis to delineate the current school of thought in the period 2009-2019. The last step constructed thematic maps using text mining. The results show that: (i) the historical landmarks have a strong impact on the current literature; (ii) the mindset shifting from ‘slum’ to ‘informality’ is crucial to gain inclusive perspectives on informal settlements.
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